The Purple Emperor (Apatura iris) is a majestic and iconic butterfly species native to the United Kingdom. Renowned for its striking iridescent purple wings and large size, the Purple Emperor is a prized sight for butterfly enthusiasts and naturalists alike. This species is predominantly found in woodlands, particularly oak woodlands with mature trees.

Despite its regal appearance, the Purple Emperor has rather humble dietary habits, primarily feeding on the sugary secretions of aphids, sap flows, and rotting fruit. However, males can occasionally be observed imbibing moisture from damp ground or animal droppings, while females focus on obtaining nutrients for egg production.

Habitat-wise, the Purple Emperor favours broadleaf woodlands with a mix of mature trees, open glades, and sunny clearings. Oak trees are particularly important as they provide both shelter and sustenance for this species.

In terms of behaviour, Purple Emperors are known for their high-flying and elusive nature. Males can often be seen patrolling their territories in search of females, engaging in dramatic aerial battles to establish dominance.

With a relatively long lifespan of around two to three weeks for adults, Purple Emperors emerge in mid-summer. After mating, females lay their eggs on the leaves of host trees such as sallow and willow, where the larvae hatch and feed before pupating.

Culturally, the Purple Emperor holds a special place in the hearts of many nature enthusiasts and conservationists. Its appearance is often associated with the enchantment of woodlands, and sightings of this butterfly are celebrated events among butterfly watchers.

An interesting fact about the Purple Emperor is its behaviour known as “mud-puddling,” where males gather on moist soil or dung to extract essential minerals and salts. This behaviour is thought to supplement their diet and improve reproductive success.