The Peacock butterfly (Aglais io) is a striking species native to the United Kingdom, known for its vibrant eye spots on its wings, resembling the patterns found on a peacock’s tail feathers. It is a familiar sight across the UK, found in a variety of habitats including gardens, meadows, woodlands, and hedgerows.

Peacock butterflies primarily feed on the nectar of various flowering plants such as buddleia, thistles, and brambles. As caterpillars, they feed on stinging nettle leaves. Their adaptable feeding habits allow them to thrive in diverse environments, from urban parks to rural landscapes.

In terms of behaviour, Peacock butterflies are known for their slow and leisurely flight patterns, often seen basking in the sun with their wings spread wide to absorb warmth. They are also territorial creatures, defending their territory from intruders, especially other males.

The lifespan of a Peacock butterfly typically ranges from one to two weeks for adults, with multiple generations emerging throughout the summer months. Their lifecycle is closely tied to the availability of food plants and suitable breeding habitats.

Culturally, the Peacock butterfly has been depicted in various artworks, literature, and folklore as a symbol of beauty and transformation. Its intricate wing patterns and graceful flight have inspired poets and artists, symbolising the wonder and diversity of the natural world.

An interesting fact about the Peacock butterfly is its ability to overwinter as an adult, seeking shelter in dark and cool places such as hollow trees and buildings. This adaptation allows them to survive the cold winter months and emerge in the spring to breed and continue their lifecycle.