The Stock Dove (Columba oenas) is a common and widespread species of pigeon native to the United Kingdom. These birds are members of the Columbidae family, which also includes pigeons and doves. Stock Doves are smaller than their urban counterparts, the feral pigeon, with a delicate appearance and subtle colouring.

In terms of food, Stock Doves primarily feed on seeds, grains, and sometimes green vegetation. They are often found foraging in agricultural areas, woodlands, and parks where they can access these food sources.

Habitat-wise, Stock Doves prefer woodlands, particularly those with open clearings or fields nearby. They also inhabit farmlands, hedgerows, and urban parks, making them adaptable to various environments.

Stock Doves are known for their gentle and peaceful behaviour. They form monogamous pairs during breeding season and build nests in tree hollows, cliffs, or sometimes on buildings. They produce two broods per year, typically laying two eggs per clutch.

The lifespan of a Stock Dove ranges from 2 to 5 years in the wild, though they can live longer in captivity.

Culturally, Stock Doves have been referenced in literature and folklore. For instance, in British literature, they have been depicted as symbols of peace and tranquility. In some folklore, they are associated with love and fidelity, often serving as messengers of good news or symbols of devotion.

Interestingly, Stock Doves have a unique courtship display where males will puff out their chests, coo softly, and bow to their prospective mates. This behaviour is both charming and integral to their breeding rituals.