The Feral Pigeon (Columba livia domestica), also known as the city pigeon or street pigeon, is a ubiquitous bird species found throughout the UK, particularly in urban areas. Despite being descended from domesticated rock doves, feral pigeons have adapted well to city life and can be seen roosting on buildings, perching on statues, and foraging for food in parks and squares.

Feral pigeons are omnivorous birds with a varied diet consisting of grains, seeds, fruits, and scraps of human food. They are highly adaptable and can thrive on a wide range of food sources found in urban environments, including discarded food waste and bird feeders.

Their preferred habitats include cities, towns, and suburban areas with access to buildings for roosting and nesting sites, as well as open spaces for foraging. Feral pigeons are highly gregarious birds, often seen in large flocks congregating around feeding areas and roosting sites.

Behaviourally, feral pigeons are social birds, forming tight-knit family groups and flocking together for safety and companionship. They are known for their distinctive cooing calls, which can be heard echoing through city streets and squares.

The average lifespan of a feral pigeon is around 3 to 5 years in the wild, although some individuals may live longer under favourable conditions.

In cultural references, feral pigeons are often associated with urban life and cityscapes. They have been depicted in art, literature, and film as symbols of urban resilience and adaptability. For example, the artist Banksy frequently incorporates feral pigeons into his graffiti artworks, highlighting their ubiquitous presence in urban environments.

Interestingly, feral pigeons have been used for centuries as messengers and homing pigeons due to their remarkable navigational abilities. They are also known for their role in pigeon racing, where trained birds compete in races covering long distances. Despite being considered pests in some urban areas, feral pigeons play an important ecological role in urban ecosystems and are valued by many for their beauty and resilience.